A,B Geum triflorum - Height: 15-30 cm - Soil: Loam, Sand - Moisture: Dry-average - Light: Full Sun - Bloom: May-June - Plants spread slowly by seed and rhizome to form a groundcover and are perfectly suited for dry rock gardens. Prairie Smoke is also effective planted in groups in a perennial bed, but it does not like to be overcrowded by taller perennials. Excellent for hot dry spots, it thrives in any well-drained soil.

C Zizia area • Size: 1-3 ft. • Part sun to shade • Sandy or sandy-clay soils; neutral to slightly acidic • Average - moist • Bloom: Late spring • Host to black swallowtail butterfly and woodland swallowtail butterfly caterpillars.

B,C Aquilegia canadensis - part shade/sun; mid-height; spring blooms; self-seeds and wanders through garden.

D Gillenia trifoliata Height 60 - 110 cm (2 to 4 ft) This gorgeous spring-blooming shrubby woodland plant loves shade and rich, moist but well-drained growing conditions. Will withstand dry periods when mature. Ornamental foliage and rich magenta fall colour make it a woodland all-star!

B,C Sisyrinchium montanum - Height: 15 - 45 cm - Bloom Time: May-Jul - Light: Sun, part shade , shade - Moisture: Dry-moist -Soil: Sandy, well-drained - Grows readily from seed. - Blue-eyed grass is not really a grass. It is an unusual member of the iris family because it is native to prairie grasslands, whereas most iris prefer wet lands.

B,C Penstemon digitalis - part shade/sun; mid-height; late spring-early summer bloom.

A,B,C Penstemon-hirsutus Naturally occurring in dry woodlands and open fields, Hairy Beardtongue forms clusters of two-lipped, trumpet-shaped lavender flowers that bloom for a month or longer in late spring. Hairy Beardtongue is one of the larval host plants of Checkerspot butterflies and attracts bees and other beneficial insects. Growing 1 – 2 feet tall Hairy Beardtongue prefers medium to dry, well-drained soils in full to part sun.

A, B, C Amorpha canescens • Sub-shrub, takes about three years to bloom • 3’ H x 3-6’ W • Full sun; tolerates some shade but sprawls and produces less flowers • legume, fixes nitrogen in soil • Soil: average to dry, well-drained, neutral to moderately alkaline; tolerates nutrient poor, rocky or sandy soil. • Blooms: June-July. Showy bluish-purple flower spikes, then glossy brown, c-shaped seed pods. • Protect from deer and rabbits!

A,B Coreopsis lanceolate - mid-height; sun; thin airy plant self-seeds and wanders through garden; blooms throughout summer.

A,B Asclepias tuberosa - sun; 45 - 100 cm high; must have well-drained soil; long-lived; bushy; summer bloom.

B,E Verbena hastata - clumps of stiff upright leaves, flowers are a high-value nectar plant with a long bloom season. Blooms open bottom to top with only a few open at one time. Height 1 meter, 2 feet wide. Full sun, average to moist, well-drained. Clay, loam, sand. Drought tolerant. Attracts pollinators. Medicinal plant.

A,B Verbena stricta Height/Spread: 45 - 60 cm Bloom: May-September Sun: Full sun Water: Dry to medium Attracts: Butterflies Tolerate: Drought, Erosion, Dry Soil, Shallow-Rocky Soil Easily grown in average, dry to medium, well-drained soils in full sun. May thrive in dryish, sandy soils. Often will naturalize by self-seeding to form colonies. Plants usually bloom in the second year.

A,B,C Desmodium canadense Height: 3-6 ft. Bloom: June-Sept. Habitat: Open woods; rocky or sandy prairies; stream banks; roadsides Light: Sun Moisture: Dry , Moist Attracts: Butterflies , Hummingbirds, leaf cutter bees. Special value to bumble bees Larval Host: Eastern Tailed Blue, Silver-spotted Skipper, Hoary Edge

B,C,D Eutrochium maculatum Full sun to part shade Soil: Loam - clay Water: Average- moist Height 4 to 8 feet Flowers: shades of pink flower clusters on upright, dark red stems Blooms: mid to late summer

A,B,C Monarda fistulosa - sun/part shade; dry to medium moisture preferred; upright stems bushy; will self-sow; 100 cm H; mid-summer blooms.

B,C, E Aesclepias incarnate • Sun , Part Shade • Rich, wet, very muddy to average garden moisture. • neutral to slightly acidic soil • loam to clay soils • attract butterflies and hummingbirds

A,B Achillea millifolium: Attractive to pollinators. Deadheading extends blooming season and prevents spreading from seed. Height/spread : 2-3 feet (60-90 cm) Bloom: June - Sept Light : Full sun Water : Dry to medium Soil : Sand, loam, clay

A,B,C Allium cernuum - Blooms early summer. Open clusters of pinkish purple, droplet-shaped flowers along drooping, arching 2-foot-tall stems. Its foliage is bluish green.The most remarkable feature of the nodding onion is its adaptability. It will grow in almost any situation, from full sun to deep shade. Best grown in full sun and dry to medium, well-drained soil. Tolerates shade as well, especially in hot climates.

A,B Echinacea pallida: Height: 2 to 3 feet Spread: 1 to1.5 feet Bloom: June to July Full sun to part shade Water: Dry to medium Maintenance: Low Attracts: Butterflies Tolerate: Deer, Drought, Clay Soil, Dry Soil, Shallow-Rocky Soil

A,B,C Echinacea purpurea - Echinacea thrives in an average to moist, well-drained soil, in full sun to partial shade. Drought tolerant once established, adaptable to heat and poor soils. Regular deadheading improves appearance, but not necessary to increase bloom time. Direct sun helps develop proper flower pigmentation. Pay special attention to plant depth: crown must be at or slightly above soil level. Freely self-seeds if finished blooms are left on the plant.

A,B,C Agastache foeniculum - upright, clump-forming plants. They have a small tap root and expand via spreading rhizomes. Height: 2 to 3 feet Spread: 1.5 to 3 feet Bloom Time: June to September Bloom Description: Lavender to purple Sun: Full sun to part shade Water: Dry to medium Maintenance: Medium Flower: Showy, Good Cut, Good Dried Leaf: Fragrant Attracts: Hummingbirds, Butterflies Tolerate: Deer, Drought, Dry Soil

A,B,C Monarda punctata - Full sun; needs dry well-drained soil; 30 - 60 cm H; pink "petals" are actually bracts; blooms throughout summer.

A,B,C Pycnanthemum-tenuifolium; bushy (useful as border); part shade/sun; mid-height; mid- to late summer bloom.

B,C Oenothera biennis - upright clustered stems are100 cm tall; shade/part shade; summer bloom.

A,B Ratibida pinnata - sun; 120+ cm tall thin stems; good plant for movement and emphasis; late summer bloom.

C,D Helianthus divaricatus: * - full or partial sun - moist to dry loamy, sandy, or rocky soil - may spread aggressively - nectar and pollen attract a wide variety of insects - seeds attract birds

C,D Ageratina altissima - part shade; 30 - 60 cm high; upright clumping habit; late July-mid Aug blooms.

A, B Anaphalis margaritacea - Height/width - 1 meter Full sun, drought & salt tolerant. Bloom: extended period, mid-summer-early fall. Leaves: narrow with fine silvery hairs. Pollinators magnet. Photography by Sarah Coulber

A, B Rudebeckia hirta - sun; mid-height; short-lived but renews by self-seeding; July-Aug blooms.

B,C,E Lobelia siphilitica - Height: 2.00 to 3.00 feet Spread: 30 - 90 cm Bloom: July to September Full sun to part shade Does NOT tolerate salt. Water: Medium to wet Attracts hummingbirds and a variety of native bees. this native water-loving plant will thrive in a rain garden with occasional flooding. During extreme drought conditions, it may require extra watering. Short-lived, but spreads easily by seed or rhizomes.

C,D • Part sun, shade • Dry to moist • Height: 60 cm (2') • Bloom: Aug to Oct. Beautiful large heart-shaped leaves makes an excellent ground cover, will spread slowly via rhizomes to make a patch.

Solidago ptarmicoides A,B,C • Height: 30-100cm(1- 3') • Blooms: July-Sept • Drought & salt tolerant • Best in neutral pH sandy loam soil • Seeds slow to germinate • Very attractive to bees, butterflies & other pollinators

A,B,C Symphyotrichum novae-angliae - Height 1 - 1.5 m. Full sun in moist, rich, well-drained soils. Pinch stems early in season to encourage the plant to be bushy and shorter. Blooms Sept - Oct. Tall plants may need staking Good air circulation reduces foliar problems such as powdery mildew and rust. Disease, pest, and problem resistance Drought tolerant, deer, rabbit, salt,temporary wet soils.

A,B,C Aster laevis - Fragrant, flowers. Light: Full Sun, part shade Soil: Sand, Loam Moisture: Dry, Medium Benefits: Pollinators, Butterflies, Birds, Host Plant Height: 2'-4' Blooms: Aug, Sep, Oct

A,B,C Bloom: Aug - Nov Soil Type: Average, rocky Tolerance: Drought, salt Exposure: Full sun-part shade Height: 60-90 cm Water: Dry to moderate

A, B Aster ericoides- Thrives on the driest sandy and gravelly soils and produces a blizzard of bright white flowers in late summer and early fall. Creeping slowly by rhizomes to form small "bushes," Aster ericoides is one of our longest lived Asters. Plant with Stiff Goldenrod and Smooth Aster for a great fall show. Light: Full Sun, part shade Soil: Sand, Loam Moisture: Dry, Medium Benefits: Pollinators, Butterflies, Birds, Host Plant Height: 1'-3' Blooms: Aug, Sep, Oct

Solidago caesia Height: under 1 m Sun, Part Shade Dry to average moisture Medium salt tolerance Not fussy about soil types This is a relatively small goldenrod and is not aggressive.

A,B,C Solidago nemoralis - sun, part shade; height 80 - 100 cm; arching cluster of stems & thin leaves; clump forming; late summer/fall bloom.

A, B Solidago rigida - grows 100 cm tall, best in poor dry soil; stiff upright stem cluster; fall blooms, leaves turn pink in fall.

C, D Solidago flexicaulis Sun: Part shade - shade Height: 3ft Blooms: August -September Soil: Sand, loam, clay Moisture: Medium to dry A pollinator magnet for shady gardens! Flowers are some of the most fragrant out of all of the native Goldenrods in Ontario. Give it part to dappled shade with average to dry soil. Spreads slowly by rhizomes and a little bit faster by seed.

C, D Elymus hystrix - airy stems up to 120 cm tall; shade/part shade; summer blooms.

Koeleria Cristata Height: low, 30 - 60 cm Tuft-forming cool season grass Bloom: May-July Sun/Partial Shade Dry to average, well-drained low-fertility soil pH 5.0-7.0

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